November 14, 2024
Vet Michael Punch is sharing important information this month about Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM), a serious heart condition affecting pets that can lead to heart failure or sudden cardiac death. Michael feels it’s important for dog and cat owners in London to understand what DCM is, which breeds are predisposed, and the steps to take if they suspect their pet may be affected.
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Understanding Dilated Cardiomyopathy
What is DCM?
Vet Michael Punch explains that DCM is a condition in which the heart becomes enlarged and weakened, affecting its ability to pump blood efficiently. This can lead to fluid build-up in the lungs and other parts of the body, resulting in symptoms such as coughing, lethargy, reduced exercise tolerance, and abdominal swelling. In some cases, DCM can develop silently, making regular veterinary check-ups essential for early detection. DCM typically occurs, but is not limited to, older male dogs.
DCM in Dogs – predisposed breeds
Michael shares that this condition typically affects large-breed dogs, and that certain dog breeds are genetically predisposed to DCM. These include:
- Doberman Pinschers
- Boxers
- Great Danes
- Irish Wolfhounds
- Saint Bernards
- German Shepherd Dogs
- Newfoundlands
- Labrador Retrievers
While these breeds are at a higher risk, DCM can occur in other breeds as well, including mixed-breeds. Michael says being proactive in monitoring you pet’s health is important.
Dogs, especially small breeds or those on grain-free diets or diets low in taurine, can also sometimes experience taurine-responsive DCM. Taurine is an essential amino acid for heart health and some grain-free diets (especially those high in legumes or potatoes) have been suspected of contributing to taurine deficiency, which can lead to DCM. However, this remains a topic of ongoing research.
DCM in cats
Since the discovery in the 80’s that a lack of taurine caused most cases of DCM in cats, the condition has become much less common. This is because taurine is now added to all commercial cat foods. Today, most DCM cases in cats are due to other underlying causes and don’t respond to taurine. However, DCM can still occur in cats fed non-commercial diets like vegetarian or home-cooked meals.
Signs and symptoms of DCM
Michael wants pet owners in London to be aware of the following symptoms that may indicate DCM:
- Coughing or Difficulty Breathing: This could be due to fluid accumulation in the lungs.
- Lethargy: A noticeable decrease in energy or interest in activities they previously enjoyed.
- Exercise Intolerance: Reluctance to walk or play, or excessive panting after minimal activity.
- Abdominal Swelling: This may indicate fluid build-up due to heart failure.
- Fainting or Collapse: A serious sign that requires immediate veterinary attention.
Cats with DCM often show severe breathing issues and symptoms can progress quickly, making the condition difficult to manage. If you notice any of these signs, Michael says it’s important to consult with one of our vets in Bayswater promptly for a thorough examination.
Advice for pet owners
1. Schedule Regular Vet Check-Ups: Your vet at Bayswater Vets will listen to your pet’s heart for signs of irregularities. This is especially important for breeds at higher risk.
2. Watch for Weight Changes: Maintaining a healthy weight is vital for heart health. Obesity can exacerbate heart conditions, so monitor your pet’s diet and exercise routine.
3. Feed a Balanced Diet: Studies have suggested a possible link between some grain-free/low-grain canine diets and DCM. Ask our vets for advice on the best diet for your dog, particularly if they are a predisposed breed.
4. Know Your Dog’s Family History: Michael says if you adopt or purchase a pet from a breeder, inquire about their family history regarding heart conditions.
5. Be Prepared for Emergencies: Understand the signs of heart distress (above) and have an emergency plan in place – take note of Bayswater Vets’ emergency vet information.
In conclusion, Dilated Cardiomyopathy is a serious condition affecting dogs (mainly) and cats but being aware of the risks and symptoms can significantly improve outcomes. Vet Michael Punch shares that staying informed and proactive about your pet’s heart health is very important.
If you have any concerns or questions about DCM or your pet’s health, please don’t hesitate to reach out to our vet practice in Bayswater.
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